制度的企業家の理論的射程

要約

いかに制度を変革する主体を説明できるか。制度的企業家はこの問いの下に提示され、様々な議論を呼んだ。それらの議論では、企業家を制度の外的要因とする当初の理論的立場に対し、制度化された主体による制度変化という理論的パラドクスや、主体が認知的に構成した制度をいかに研究者が分析できるのかという問いを深めることで、独自の概念化が図られてきた。本稿は先行研究の再検討を通じ、制度的企業家の理論的射程を明確化する。

Institutional entrepreneurship has been discussed as a concept to resolve the theoretical question as to how an institutionalized actor can transform institutions. Previous studies have attempted to resolve this question in diverse ways, but these attempts have not provided adequate answers. First, the elite theory evoked by Schumpeter was based on entrepreneurs considered as exogenous factors of an institution; however, with economical development, entrepreneurs are embedded within institutionalized capitalism. Second, institutional organization theorists, who have studied institutional entrepreneurship, have failed to resolve the paradox of an embedded agency which is seen as circulative definition and institutional center-peripheral position of entrepreneurs, because of their understandings of institutions. Third, new institutional theorists, focused on the cognitive origins of institutions, have also failed to analyze the practices of institutional entrepreneurs by considering previous understanding of institutions. We can develop a theoretical conception to resolve these difficulties. Our study aims to propose a systematic explanation of institutional entrepreneurship by discussing a methodological approach to criticize our own understanding of an institution, the theoretical meaning to explanation power relation within the political process of institutionalization, and the research agenda for the analysis of rationality and competition within an institution.

キーワード
制度的企業家、制度派組織論、制度変化、埋め込まれたエージェンシーのパラドクス、形而上のパトス

Institutional Entrepreneurship，Institutional Organization Theory，Institutional Change，the Paradox of Embedded Agency，Metaphorical Pathos